Chiyou (蚩尤)


Chiyou (蚩尤) was a tribal leader of the ancient Nine Li tribe (九黎) during ancient China. He is best known as the tyrant who fought against the then-future Yellow Emperor during the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors era in Chinese mythology.Today, Chiyou is honored and worshipped as the God of War and one of the three legendary founding fathers of China.

Legend of Chiyou
According to legend, Chiyou had a bronze head with metal foreheads.He had 4 eyes and 6 arms, wielding terrible sharp weapons in every hand.In some sources, Chiyou had certain features associated with various mythological bovines: his head was that of a bull with two horns, although the body was that of a human.He is said to have been unbelievably fierce, and to have had 81 brothers.Historical sources often described him as 'cruel and greedy',as well as 'tyrannical'.Some sources have asserted that the figure 81 should rather be associated with 81 clans in his kingdom.Chiyou knows the constellations and the ancients spells for calling upon the weather. For example, he called upon a fog to surround Huangdi and his soldiers during the Battle of Zhuolu.


Chiyou's Tribe
Chiyou is regarded as a leader of the Nine Li tribe (九黎, RPA White Hmong: Cuaj Li Ntuj) by nearly all sources.However, his exact ethnic affiliations are quite complex, with multiple sources reporting him as belonging to various tribes, in addition to a number of diverse peoples supposed to have directly descended from him.
Some sources from later dynasties, such as the Guoyu book, considered Chiyou's Li tribe to be related to the ancient San miao tribe (三苗).In the ancient Zhuolu Town is a statue of Chiyou commemorating him as the original ancestor of the Hmong people.The place is regarded as the birthplace of the San miao / Miao people,the Hmong being a subgroup of the Miao. In sources following the Hmong view, the "nine Li" tribe is called the "Jiuli" kingdom,Jiuli meaning "nine Li". Modern Han Chinese scholar Weng Dujian considers Jiuli and San Miao to be Man southerners.Chiyou has also been counted as part of the Dongyi.



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